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Johann GriessGerman organic chemist.
Date of Birth: 06.09.1829
Country:  Germany |
Content:
- German Organic Chemist
- Early Life and Education
- Discovery of Diazo Compounds
- Diazotization Reaction
- Synthesis of Azo Dyes
- Other Contributions
German Organic Chemist
Peter Griess was a German organic chemist known for his pioneering work on diazo compounds.
Early Life and Education
Griess studied chemistry at the universities of Jena and Marburg.Career and Achievements
In 1861, Griess became the chief chemist at a brewery in Burton-upon-Trent, England. It was during this time that he made his significant discoveries.
Discovery of Diazo Compounds
In 1857, Griess discovered diazo compounds, a class of organic compounds with an azo group (-N=N-). His initial experiments involved the reaction of sodium nitrite with aniline, which led to the formation of diazonium salts.
Diazotization Reaction
In 1858, Griess discovered the diazotization reaction, which converts primary aromatic amines into diazonium salts. This reaction is fundamental in the synthesis of azo dyes.
Synthesis of Azo Dyes
Griess was also the first to synthesize azo dyes. In 1866, he developed aniline yellow, the first commercially successful azo dye. He also discovered other important dyes, such as phenylene diamines in 1867 and oxyazobenzene in 1876.
Other Contributions
In addition to his work on diazo compounds, Griess also studied the alkylation of aromatic amino acids in 1872. His research had a significant impact on the fields of organic chemistry and textile dyeing.
