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Piter OutDutch architect
Date of Birth: 09.02.1890
Country:  Netherlands |
Content:
- Peter Aude: Dutch Architect and Art Theorist
- Founding "De Stijl" and Architectural Style
- Major Works and Social Reforms
- Later Works and Theoretical Contributions
- Death
Peter Aude: Dutch Architect and Art Theorist
Peter Aude was a Dutch architect and art theorist, known as one of the avant-garde leaders in architecture during the first half of the 20th century. He was born on February 9, 1890, in Purmerend, near Amsterdam. Aude studied at the Delft University of Technology and the Technical University of Munich. After receiving his diploma, he worked in Purmerend (1912), Leiden (from 1913), as well as Rotterdam and Wassenaar.
Founding "De Stijl" and Architectural Style
In 1916, Aude met Theo van Doesburg and became one of the founders of the journal "De Stijl" and the art movement of the same name. His creative style became a three-dimensional expression of the aesthetic principles of this group. Aude's early works, such as the hotel in Noordwijk (1917) and Villa Allegonda in Katwijk (1917), stand out for their ascetic geometric structures, usually slightly rounded at the corners. The flat facade of the "De Unie" café in Rotterdam (1924-1925; no longer exists), reminiscent of the paintings of Piet Mondrian, became an architectural manifesto of "De Stijl."
Major Works and Social Reforms
Aude created his main works during his tenure as the city architect of Rotterdam (1918-1933), where he designed and built new residential quarters for workers. These include Spangen (1918), Tussendijken (1920), Oud-Mathenesse (1922), and Kiefhoek (1925-1927), as well as houses in the suburban settlement Hook of Holland (1924-1927). In 1927-1928, he added the Weissenhof workers' settlement in Stuttgart. The social reform goals of these complexes, which became a model for modest, affordable, and comfortable "proletarian houses," were organically combined with the "economical" form of these low, horizontally extended structures.
Later Works and Theoretical Contributions
In his subsequent works, Aude combined elements of functionalism and "art deco" (such as the Shell building in The Hague, 1938), and later embraced the "international style" (such as the children's sanatorium near Arnhem, 1952-1960, and the SIAM building in Otterlo, 1959). As a theorist, he rejected the "idealism" of historical stylizations and ornamentation, striving to aesthetically comprehend new materials and constructions. Aude published books such as "Dutch Architecture" (1926), "New Architecture in the Netherlands and Europe" (1935), and "My Path in 'De Stijl'" (1961).
