Wallace Carothers American chemist and inventor, one of the creators of nylon Date of Birth: 27.04.1896 Country: USA

1. Birth and Education
2. University and Research
3. DuPont and Polymer Discovery
4. Marriage and Decline
5. Suicide and Recognition
6. Legacy

Birth and Education

Wallace Hume Carothers was born in Burlington, Iowa, as the eldest of four children. He exhibited an early interest in mechanics and experimented with various inventions. Despite his academic aptitude, he pursued a business degree at a commercial college in Des Moines. However, his passion for chemistry, ignited by Arthur Pardee at Tarkio College in Missouri, led him to switch majors. He completed his bachelor's degree in 1920 and his master's degree at the University of Illinois a year later.

University and Research

In 1921, Carothers taught chemistry at the University of South Dakota, where he published his first research paper on the physical properties of organic compounds. Returning to the University of Illinois, he earned a PhD in organic chemistry in 1924, with minors in physical chemistry and mathematics. He taught for two years before accepting a position at Harvard University in 1926 to continue his research interests.

DuPont and Polymer Discovery

In 1927, Carothers joined DuPont's Experimental Station, where he began studying polymers, a relatively unexplored field. His focus on polyamides ultimately led to the discovery of nylon in 1935. Throughout this period, he suffered from bouts of depression that limited his social interactions. Despite his scientific brilliance, he struggled with public speaking and had a strained relationship with his parents.

Marriage and Decline

In 1934, Carothers began a relationship with Helen Sweetman, whom he married in 1936. However, his depression worsened during the development of nylon. He was hospitalized in 1934 due to clinical depression. Though he returned to work and played a significant role in nylon's commercialization, his mental health continued to deteriorate.

Suicide and Recognition

In 1937, after another failed attempt at treatment, Carothers committed suicide by ingesting cyanide dissolved in lemon juice. His untimely death shocked the scientific community. Posthumously, he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences, becoming the first industrial organic chemist to receive this honor.

Legacy

Wallace Hume Carothers's discovery of nylon revolutionized the textile industry and led to countless advancements in materials science. Despite his struggles with mental illness, his unwavering determination and scientific brilliance left an enduring mark on the world. His tragic death serves as a poignant reminder of the challenges faced by those grappling with depression.