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Francois-Achille BazaineFrench military leader, Marshal of France
Date of Birth: 13.02.1811
Country:  France |
Content:
- Early Life and Military Career
- Crimean War and Rise to Prominence
- Mexican Expedition and Political Ambitions
- Franco-Prussian War and Siege of Metz
- Betrayal and Trial
- Escape and Later Life
Early Life and Military Career
Pierre-Dominique Bazaine was born in 1808 to a French general and engineer. In 1831, he enlisted in the Foreign Legion and fought in Algeria. He later served in Spain and Algeria, rising to the rank of brigadier general by the Crimean War.
Crimean War and Rise to Prominence
During the Crimean War, Bazaine distinguished himself at the siege of Sevastopol. He was promoted to divisional general and led an expedition against Kinburn. In 1859, he played a significant role in the Second Italian War of Independence.
Mexican Expedition and Political Ambitions
In 1862, Bazaine was appointed commander-in-chief of the French expeditionary force in Mexico. He subsequently became marshal of France in 1868. Bazaine's political ambitions led him to seek a prominent role in French politics.
Franco-Prussian War and Siege of Metz
When the Franco-Prussian War broke out in 1870, Bazaine commanded the French Rhine Army. However, he made several tactical errors and was forced to retreat to the fortress of Metz. He was besieged there for several months before surrendering in October.
Betrayal and Trial
The capitulation of Metz sparked outrage in France. Bazaine was accused of treason and cowardice. In 1872, he was convicted and sentenced to death, which was later commuted to 20 years in prison.
Escape and Later Life
Bazaine escaped from prison in 1874 and fled to Spain. He died in Madrid in 1888, forgotten and abandoned by his wife. Bazaine's defense of his actions was contained in his book "Episodes de la guerre de 1870 et le blocus de Metz," which was banned in France.
