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Franz Xaver KrausCatholic theologian and archaeologist
Date of Birth: 18.09.1840
Country:  Germany |
Content:
- Catholic Theologian and Archaeologist
- Early Works
- Contributions to Christian Archaeology
- Exploration of Christian Art
- Documentation of Christian Rome
- Comprehensive Encyclopedia
- Artistic Legacy in Baden
- Later Works and Recognition
Catholic Theologian and Archaeologist
Education and CareerBorn in Germany, Franz Xaver Kraus received his theological training and later became a professor of theology at the University of Strasbourg. He later transferred to the University of Freiburg, where he continued his teaching career.
Early Works
In 1863, Kraus published "Observationes criticae in Synesii Cyrenaei epistolas," a critical analysis of the letters of Synesius of Cyrene. This work showcased his rigorous scholarship and interest in the early Church.
Contributions to Christian Archaeology
Kraus's contributions to Christian archaeology were significant. His book "Die Blutampullen der römischen Katakomben" (1868) examined the blood vials found in Roman catacombs, providing insights into early Christian burial practices.
Exploration of Christian Art
Kraus's "Die christliche Kunst in ihren frühesten Anfängen" (1872) and "Das Spottcrucifix von Palatin" (1872) explored the origins and development of Christian art. He recognized the importance of studying artistic remains for understanding the beliefs and practices of early Christians.
Documentation of Christian Rome
Kraus's "Roma sotteranea" (1873) documented the subterranean structures of Rome, including catacombs and other archaeological sites. This work became a valuable resource for studying the history of the early Church in Rome.
Comprehensive Encyclopedia
In 1880, Kraus began publishing his monumental "Realencyklopädie der christlichen Altertümer," a comprehensive encyclopedia of Christian antiquities. This work covered a wide range of topics, including liturgy, art, and architecture.
Artistic Legacy in Baden
Kraus was also an avid collector of art. His collection, later housed in the Archdiocesan Museum in Freiburg, provides a rich source of information about the artistic heritage of the Grand Duchy of Baden.
Later Works and Recognition
In his later years, Kraus published "Die christliche Inschriften der Rheinlande" (1890-1894), a collection of Christian inscriptions from the Rhineland area. He was recognized for his pioneering work in Christian archaeology and received numerous honors, including the Order of Maximilian for Science and Art.
