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Gelasius IPope from March 1, 493 to November 21, 496.
Date of Birth: .
Country:  Italy |
Content:
- Early Life and Career
- Pontificate
- Conflict with the East
- Theory of Two Powers
- Suppression of Paganism and Heresy
- Death and Legacy
Early Life and Career
Pope Gelasius I was born in Kabilia, Algeria, to Berber parents. Despite the claim that he had "dark skin," it is more likely that he was of a lighter complexion. Before his election as pope, Gelasius served as a close advisor to Pope Felix III, assisting in the preparation of church documents.
Pontificate
Elected on March 1, 492, Gelasius's reign marked a period of continuity. He established the final version of the New Testament canon in 493.
Conflict with the East
Gelasius faced conflict with the followers of Patriarch Acacius of Constantinople, who sought independence from Rome. Despite pressure from Emperor Anastasius I, Gelasius refused to grant any concessions. The conflict stemmed from Anastasius's support of Monophysitism, which Gelasius condemned as heresy.
Theory of Two Powers
Gelasius theorized that authority in the world was divided between the priestly (auctoritas) and the royal (potestas) powers, with auctoritas superior. However, he acknowledged the political authority of the Arian king Theodoric.
Suppression of Paganism and Heresy
Gelasius actively combated pagan practices and heresies. He succeeded in convincing the Roman Senate to abolish the pagan festival of the Lupercalia and introduced the Feast of the Purification on February 2nd instead. To expose the Manicheans, he proclaimed that communion would be received "in both kinds" (wine and bread), which they refused due to their rejection of wine.
Death and Legacy
Gelasius died on November 19, 496, after a brief but tumultuous reign. Known for his firmness against emperors and heretics, he also exhibited compassion towards the needy, distributing food from church granaries during a period of famine. Gelasius's contributions to church policy, liturgy, and discipline were significant, and his tomb is located in the atrium of St. Peter's Basilica.
