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Hose Antonio RiveraEldest son of General Miguel Primo de Rivera, dictator of Spain 1923-30
Date of Birth: 24.04.1903
Country:  Spain |
Content:
Biography of José Antonio Primo de Rivera
José Antonio Primo de Rivera was the eldest son of General Miguel Primo de Rivera, the dictator of Spain from 1923 to 1930. He was born on April 24, 1903, in Madrid, Spain. He completed his education at Madrid University in 1922 and later studied military affairs in Madrid and Barcelona.
Political Career
Primo de Rivera began his political career as a member of the National Monarchist Union (Unión Monárquica Nacional). However, after the fall of the monarchy in April 1931, he became a deputy in the Cortes, the Spanish parliament. On October 29, 1933, he founded the Spanish Falange Party (Falange Española) in Madrid.
The Falange later merged with the organization of the national-syndicalist offensive, JONS (Juntas Ofensivas Nacional-Sindicalistas). The Falange organized military units called "flags," "centuries," and "squadrons," adopting the traditional colors of anarchism, red and black, as well as symbols such as the bow, an arc of three spears, and arrows. Members of the party referred to themselves as "comrades" and the leaders of the movement as "hierarchs."
Falangist Doctrine and Persecution
The Falangists believed that power should be seized by force and that the nation should be governed by corporate bodies under the control of the party. Primo de Rivera's speeches and writings, compiled in his Complete Works (Obras Completas), as well as articles in the weekly magazines "F.E." (Fascismo Español) and "Arriba," founded in 1933 and 1935 respectively, outlined the main principles of the Falangist doctrine.
In June 1935, the party leaders made the decision to overthrow the republic in a secret meeting. However, the conspiracy was uncovered, and on March 14, 1936, Rivera was arrested. He was sentenced to death and executed by firing squad in Alicante on November 20, 1936.
Despite his untimely death, José Antonio Primo de Rivera remains an influential figure in Spanish politics, known for his role in the creation and development of the Spanish Falange Party. His ideas and beliefs continue to shape the ideologies of various far-right movements in Spain.
