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Ioann HenryMargrave of Moravia (from 1349) and Count of Tyrol (1335-1341) from the Luxembourg dynasty.
Date of Birth: 12.02.1322
Country:  Germany |
Content:
- Biography of Johann Heinrich
- Early Life and Marriage
- Rise and Fall in Tyrol
- Margrave of Moravia
- Marriages and Children
Biography of Johann Heinrich
Johann Heinrich (Jan Jindřich in Czech, Johann Heinrich in German; February 12, 1322 - November 12, 1375) was the Margrave of Moravia (from 1349) and the Count of Tyrol (1335-1341) from the Luxembourg dynasty. He was born as the third son of King John of Bohemia and Elizabeth of Přemysl, daughter of Czech King Wenceslaus II.
Early Life and Marriage
Johann Heinrich's older brother, Charles IV, became the King of Germany in 1346 and later the Holy Roman Emperor. In 1330, at the age of eight, Johann Heinrich married Margaret, the heiress of the County of Tyrol. This marriage was a dynastic alliance aimed at ending the long-standing conflict between the Luxembourg and Gorizia-Tyrol dynasties for the Czech throne. It could have secured the Luxembourg's extensive Tyrolean holdings in southern Germany, including Carinthia and Carniola. However, when Margaret inherited the throne in 1335 after her father's death, John of Bohemia, preoccupied with his Italian ventures, failed to establish his authority over her territories. As a result, Carinthia and Carniola passed to the Austrian Habsburgs, leaving Margaret and Johann Heinrich with only Tyrol.
Rise and Fall in Tyrol
Johann Heinrich's rule in Tyrol was short-lived. In 1341, he was expelled from the county by his wife and shortly after, Margaret married Louis V, Duke of Bavaria. Although the Luxembourgs managed to organize a massive propaganda campaign against Margaret, involving the Pope's excommunication of her and declaring her the ugliest woman in history, Tyrol was lost to Johann Heinrich.
Margrave of Moravia
In 1349, after Charles IV ascended to the throne of Bohemia, he granted Johann Heinrich the Margraviate of Moravia as an appanage. In 1350, Johann Heinrich married for the second time to Margaret Piast, the daughter of Duke Nicholas II of Opole, with whom he had several children, including the future German anti-king Jodocus of Luxembourg. As the Margrave of Moravia, Johann Heinrich was fully under the control of his more prominent older brother and did not conduct independent foreign policy separate from Bohemia.
Marriages and Children
Johann Heinrich had two marriages and multiple children throughout his life. His first wife was Margaret (1318-1369), the Countess of Tyrol. His second wife was Margaret Piast (1330-1363), the daughter of Duke Nicholas II of Opole. His children included Jodocus (1351-1411), the Margrave of Moravia and Brandenburg, and the anti-king of Germany from 1410. Other children were Catherine (1353-1378), who married Henry, Duke of Falkenberg, John Sobieslav (1356-1394), the Patriarch of Aquileia, Prokop (1355-1405), the Margrave of Moravia, and Elizabeth (d. 1400), who married William I, Margrave of Meissen, among others.
Johann Heinrich also had two other marriages, one with Margaret of Habsburg (1346-1366), the daughter of Albert II, Duke of Austria, and another with Elizabeth Ottingen (d. 1409).
