 |
Mahatma GandhiOne of the leaders of the national liberation movement of India
Date of Birth: 02.10.1869
Country:  India |
Content:
- Mahatma Gandhi: A Pillar of India's Independence Movement
- perjuangan di Afrika Selatan
- Influence of Tolstoy and Return to India
- Mass Mobilization and Nonviolent Resistance
- Independence and Legacy
- Assassination and Impact
Mahatma Gandhi: A Pillar of India's Independence Movement
Early Life and InfluenceMohandas Karamchand Gandhi, known as Mahatma ("Great Soul"), was born on October 2, 1869, in the princely state of Porbandar, Gujarat. Raised in a devout Hindu family, Gandhi's beliefs were shaped by religious principles. After completing his legal education in England in 1891, he practiced law in Bombay for a brief period.
perjuangan di Afrika Selatan
In 1893, Gandhi moved to South Africa, where he witnessed the oppression and discrimination faced by Indians. He became a leader in the struggle against racial injustice, organizing peaceful demonstrations and petitions to the government. Through his advocacy of nonviolent resistance, known as सत्याग्रह (satyagraha), Gandhi achieved significant concessions for South African Indians.
Influence of Tolstoy and Return to India
During his time in South Africa, Gandhi was deeply influenced by the writings of Leo Tolstoy, who became his spiritual mentor. After returning to India in January 1915, Gandhi aligned himself with the Indian National Congress and quickly rose to prominence as a leader of the independence movement.
Mass Mobilization and Nonviolent Resistance
Recognizing the power of mass mobilization, Gandhi embarked on a campaign of nationwide tours and speeches, urging Indians to resist British rule through nonviolent means. He condemned violence and advocated for social harmony through arbitration, a position that resonated with the Indian bourgeoisie and the Congress party.
Independence and Legacy
Under Gandhi's leadership, the Congress transformed into a powerful anti-imperialist organization, commanding popular support. Gandhi's unwavering commitment to nonviolence and his mobilization of the masses were instrumental in India's eventual independence in 1947.
Assassination and Impact
On January 30, 1948, Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu nationalist. His death sent shockwaves through India and the world, but his legacy as a symbol of peace and reconciliation endures. Gandhi's teachings continue to inspire movements for social justice and nonviolence around the globe.
