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Abram AnikstParticipant of the Russian revolutionary movement (anarchist), party, trade union and business worker
Country:
 Moldova |
Content:
- Abram Moiseyevich Anikst: A Revolutionary, Economist, and Educator
- Revolutionary Activities
- Return to Russia and Bolshevik Collaboration
- Government and Economic Roles
- Economic Theorist and Planner
- Arrest and Execution
- Family Connection
Abram Moiseyevich Anikst: A Revolutionary, Economist, and Educator
Early Life and EducationAbram Moiseyevich Anikst was born into a humble family of a stone mason in Chisinau, Moldova, in May 1887. Despite only completing a four-year education, he pursued self-education and developed a passion for knowledge.
Revolutionary Activities
From 1904, Anikst became actively involved in the Russian revolutionary movement. Initially an anarcho-communist, he embraced anarcho-syndicalism during his exile in France and Switzerland from 1907. He participated in the movement and became a member of the overseas group of Russian anarcho-syndicalists.
Return to Russia and Bolshevik Collaboration
Following the February Revolution in 1917, Anikst returned to Russia and collaborated with the Bolsheviks. He served as Chairman of the Pavlograd Uyezd Soviet of Workers' Deputies in the Ekaterinoslav Governorate. In 1918, he officially joined the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
Government and Economic Roles
Between 1919 and 1922, Anikst held prominent government positions, including Deputy People's Commissioner of Labor of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). He also served as Deputy Chairman of the Main Committee for Universal Labor Conscription. Subsequently, he held leadership roles in the Ural Oblast Economic Council (1922-1923) and as People's Commissar of Labor of Ukraine (1923-1925).
Economic Theorist and Planner
Anikst made significant contributions to the field of scientific labor organization (NOT). He authored several books on the subject, including "Organization of Labor Force" (1920) and "Labor Force" (1929). He joined the Presidium of the State Planning Commission (Gosplan) of the RSFSR and played a key role in economic planning.
Arrest and Execution
On November 2, 1937, Anikst was arrested during the Great Purge. He was sentenced to death on March 19, 1938, and executed the same day. His legacy as an economist and labor theorist remains intact despite his tragic end.
Family Connection
Anikst's wife, Olga Grigoryevna Anikst, was a prominent figure in Russian education. She organized vocational training in the RSFSR, founded the Moscow Institute of New (Foreign) Languages, and played a pivotal role in reforming the apprenticeship system. His son, Alexander Anikst, became a renowned literary and theater critic. His grandson, Mikhail Anikst, is an acclaimed book designer and graphic artist.
