Gaspar Graziani Lord of the Moldavian Principality Date of Birth: 01.01.1580

Content:

1. Kaspar Gratiani: Reign and Downfall
2. Reign as Lord
3. Involvement in the Thirty Years' War
4. Battle of Cecora and Gratiani's Demise
5. Aftermath

Kaspar Gratiani: Reign and Downfall

Early Life and Service

Kaspar Gratiani, a Croatian Catholic, served in the Ottoman Empire before his appointment as the Lord of the Principality of Moldavia in 1619.

Reign as Lord

Gratiani faced immediate opposition from the local population due to his harsh policies. In 1619, he brutally suppressed the Orhei Uprising.

Involvement in the Thirty Years' War

Amidst the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War, the Ottoman Empire aimed to subordinate Poland. In 1620, Turkish forces entered Moldavia, supported by troops from Wallachia, Hungary, and anti-Polish Moldavians.

Battle of Cecora and Gratiani's Demise

The decisive battle between the Turks and Poles took place at the Cecora Fields. Gratiani initially allied with the Poles but later betrayed them, leading to their defeat. The Polish commander, S. Żółkiewski, was killed. Moldavian boyars subsequently apprehended and executed Gratiani.

Aftermath

Gratiani's successor, Alexander IV Iliaș, secured his appointment from the Ottoman Porte by promising to pay a tribute of 40,000 gold pieces.

Statesmen

Tim Rowlands	Igor Matovic	William Henry Waddington
Gavriil Golovkin	Jorge Eliecer Gaitan	Gaius Cornelius Cethegus