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KatonRepublican, opponent of Caesar, supporter of Gnaeus Pompey.
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Content:
- Marcus Porcius Cato Minor (95-46 BCE)
- Early Life and Education
- Military Service
- Political Career
- Conflict with Caesar and Pompey
- Civil War and Death
Marcus Porcius Cato Minor (95-46 BCE)
Marcus Porcius Cato Minor, also known as Cato the Younger or Cato of Utica, was a prominent Roman politician, orator, and philosopher during the late Roman Republic. He was renowned for his unwavering commitment to republican values and his opposition to Julius Caesar.
Early Life and Education
Cato was born in 95 BCE into a wealthy patrician family. Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by his uncle, Livy Drusus, a respected political figure. Despite his slow learning pace, Cato possessed a remarkable memory and developed a strong character marked by an uncompromising pursuit of justice.
Military Service
In 72 BCE, Cato fought in the Third Servile War against the slave rebellion led by Spartacus. He distinguished himself as a skilled soldier and leader, demonstrating bravery and sound judgment. He continued his military career as a military tribune under the command of praetor Rubrius in Macedonia, where he maintained a frugal lifestyle and earned the respect of his troops.
Political Career
Upon returning to Rome, Cato pursued a legal and political career. His eloquent and incisive speeches quickly gained popularity, highlighting his integrity and fairness. In 65 BCE, as quaestor, he implemented reforms that purged the quaestorship of corruption. As tribune of the plebs in 62 BCE, he supported Cicero in prosecuting the participants of the Catiline conspiracy and denounced the growing power of Julius Caesar.
Conflict with Caesar and Pompey
Caesar and Pompey, fearing Cato's influence, obstructed his political aspirations and exiled his ally, Cicero. However, Cato successfully completed his mission to Cyprus, returning with a substantial sum of money. Despite ongoing opposition, he eventually achieved the office of praetor in 54 BCE.
Civil War and Death
With the outbreak of civil war in 49 BCE, Cato joined Pompey's forces. He provided logistical support for Pompey's army at Utica but was sidelined due to Pompey's mistrust. After Pompey's defeat and death at Pharsalus in 48 BCE, Cato continued to resist Caesar. He committed suicide in Utica on April 8, 46 BCE, rather than surrender or witness the fall of the republic. Caesar's reaction to Cato's death was one of regret, recognizing his unwavering integrity.