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Vander GaazDutch physicist, member of the Dutch Academy of Sciences (1922).
Date of Birth: 21.03.1878
Country:  Netherlands |
Content:
- Vander Johannes de Haas: A Pioneer in Low-Temperature Physics
- Academic Appointments
- Major Contributions to Low-Temperature Physics
- Einstein-de Haas Effect
- Shubnikov-de Haas Effect
- de Haas-van Alphen Effect
- Legacy
Vander Johannes de Haas: A Pioneer in Low-Temperature Physics
Early Life and CareerVander Johannes de Haas, born on March 21, 1878, was a renowned Dutch physicist who made significant contributions to the field of low-temperature physics. De Haas joined the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1922.
Academic Appointments
De Haas's academic journey took him through several institutions. From 1895 to 1917, he worked in Leiden, Berlin, Potsdam, and the Teyler Museum in Haarlem. In 1917, he became a professor at the Delft University of Technology, and later at the University of Groningen (1922-24). From 1924 to 1948, he served as a professor at Leiden University and director of the cryogenic laboratory named after Heike Kamerlingh Onnes.
Major Contributions to Low-Temperature Physics
De Haas's primary focus was on low-temperature physics and superconductivity. He conducted extensive research on the effects of low temperatures, including the study of superconductivity in magnetic materials. Remarkably, he achieved a record-breaking low temperature of 0.0002 Kelvin.
Einstein-de Haas Effect
In 1915, de Haas collaborated with Albert Einstein to experimentally observe and theoretically explain a phenomenon known as the Einstein-de Haas effect. This effect demonstrates that a magnetized body acquires a rotational momentum around the applied magnetic axis, proportional to its magnetization.
Shubnikov-de Haas Effect
De Haas and Lev V. Shubnikov discovered the Shubnikov-de Haas effect in 1930. This effect describes the dependence of bismuth's electrical resistance on the inverse magnitude of the applied magnetic field at low temperatures.
de Haas-van Alphen Effect
In 1931, de Haas and Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén discovered the de Haas-van Alphen effect. This effect pertains to the dependence of metals' magnetic susceptibility on the intensity of the applied magnetic field.
Legacy
Vander Johannes de Haas passed away on April 26, 1960. His pioneering contributions to low-temperature physics left a lasting impact on the field. The effects he discovered continue to bear his name, testament to his groundbreaking work and the profound influence he had on the scientific community.
