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Yaroslav DombrovskiyPolish revolutionary
Date of Birth: 13.11.1836
Country:  Poland |
Content:
Biography of Jarosław Dąbrowski
Jarosław Dąbrowski, a Polish revolutionary, was born into a family of impoverished nobles. From 1845 to 1853, he underwent training at the Brest Cadet Corps and was later sent to the St. Petersburg Noble Regiment (later the Konstantinovsky Cadet Corps). In 1855, after successfully completing his education, Dąbrowski was promoted to ensign and assigned to the 19th Field Artillery Brigade, which participated in the Caucasian War. In 1859, he entered the Nicholas General Staff Academy. In St. Petersburg, Dąbrowski joined a circle of opposition-minded officers of the General Staff and eventually became one of its leaders.
Underground Activities
Starting from December 1860, Dąbrowski began establishing connections with Polish conspirators. On February 6, 1862, he arrived in Warsaw and started underground work as the city's conspiratorial chief and a member of the Central National Committee (CNC). In June, Dąbrowski implemented the plan for the uprising that he had developed. On August 14, Dąbrowski was arrested and imprisoned in the Warsaw Citadel. Despite being in captivity, he continued to lead the uprising. After the failure of the rebellion, he was sentenced to 15 years of hard labor, but in December 1864, he managed to escape from the Moscow penal colony. In May 1865, with the assistance of V.M. Ozerov, Dąbrowski's wife, Pelagia Dąbrowska, was released from exile. In June, the couple emigrated to Europe. In Sweden, Germany, Belgium, and Switzerland, Dąbrowski established contacts with revolutionary emigration and sought employment.
Life in Exile
In the fall of 1865, Dąbrowski arrived in Paris, where he found work as a draftsman. In 1866, the Polish Emigration Association (later the Association of Polish Democracy) was formed. Dąbrowski became an active member of this organization, advocating from extremely left-wing positions. In 1868, he published the book "A Critical Sketch of the 1866 War in Germany and Italy," in which Dąbrowski demonstrated himself as an excellent military theorist. In 1869, he was arrested by the French police on false charges but was acquitted by the court. In 1870, he called for the creation of Polish units to participate in the Franco-Prussian War, but the National Defense government rejected this proposal.
Involvement in the Paris Commune
In October of the same year, at the request of Giuseppe Garibaldi, Dąbrowski traveled to Lyon to command the Polish Legion, but this plan failed. In March, Dąbrowski returned to Paris. He actively participated in the actions of the Paris Commune, leading the 11th Legion and later being appointed as the commander of the fortified Parisian district and the commander of the western sector's defense forces. Dąbrowski was awarded the rank of general. In April and May, he actively took part in the combats of the Commune against the Versailles troops. On May 23, 1871, he was severely wounded by a bullet during a battle and died two hours later at the Lariboisière Hospital in Paris.
