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Henri LabrousteFrench architect
Date of Birth: 11.05.1801
Country:  France |
Content:
- Henri Labrouste: Pioneer of Rational Architecture
- Influence of Antiquity
- The Rational School of Architecture
- Establishment of the École Rationnelle d'Architecture
- Notable Architectural Works
- Reading Rooms of the Bibliothèque Nationale
- Legacy
Henri Labrouste: Pioneer of Rational Architecture
Early Life and EducationBorn in Paris in 1801, Henri Labrouste was the younger brother of the architect Théodore Labrouste. He pursued architectural studies at the École des Beaux-Arts in 1819 under the renowned architects Auguste Vaudremer and Léon Vaudoyer.
Influence of Antiquity
In 1824, Labrouste traveled to Rome, where he meticulously studied the structural principles of ancient architecture. This experience profoundly influenced his later architectural approach.
The Rational School of Architecture
Advocacy of New MaterialsLabrouste emerged as a strong advocate for the use of innovative materials in construction and for understanding their inherent properties. He believed that architectural design should be guided by the capabilities of these materials.
Establishment of the École Rationnelle d'Architecture
In 1830, Labrouste founded the "Rational School of Architecture" in Paris, which became a hub for promoting his ideas of rational design.
Notable Architectural Works
Bibliothèque Sainte-GenevièveBuilt between 1843 and 1850, the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève is considered Labrouste's masterpiece. It exemplifies his approach, showcasing the structural elements of the building rather than concealing them. The library's interior features exposed columns, arches, and glass "lanterns" constructed from metal and glass.
Reading Rooms of the Bibliothèque Nationale
Between 1858 and 1868, Labrouste designed the reading rooms of the Bibliothèque Nationale. These spaces were covered by glazed and metal domes supported by metallic columns, demonstrating his mastery of innovative structural systems.
Legacy
Labrouste's works played a pivotal role in transitioning European architecture from classicism towards functionalism. He is celebrated as a pioneering architect who embraced the transformative potential of new materials and challenged traditional architectural practices.
