Alexander Galkin Experimental physicist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR Date of Birth: 04.07.1914 Country: Ukraine

1. Biography of Alexander Galkin
2. Early Career
3. Establishment of Donetsk Physics and Technical Institute
4. Contributions in Research
5. Legacy

Biography of Alexander Galkin

Alexander Alexandrovich Galkin was a physicist-experimenter, an academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, a professor, and a doctor of physical and mathematical sciences. He was born on July 4, 1914, in Berdyansk. Galkin studied at the Kharkov University, where he graduated in 1939.

Early Career

From 1937 to 1941 and 1945 to 1960, Galkin worked at the Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. During this time, he made several significant discoveries in physics, including the detection properties of superconductors in 1945, cyclotron resonance in tin and lead in 1957, velocity dispersion of sound in a magnetic field in 1958, and oscillation of the ultrasound absorption coefficient in 1959.

Establishment of Donetsk Physics and Technical Institute

In 1960, Galkin participated in the discovery of anisotropy in the energy gap of superconducting tin. From 1960 to 1965, he served as the deputy director of the Low Temperature Physics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. Galkin was involved in the discovery of the Rashba combined resonance in semiconductors in 1965. In the same year, he became an academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR.

In 1965, Galkin founded the Donetsk Physics and Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR and served as its director until 1982. Under his leadership, the institute became renowned for its research in solid-state physics, condensed matter physics, radio spectroscopy, superconductivity, and high-pressure physics. Galkin established the Donetsk scientific school of high-pressure physics and solid-state spectroscopy.

Contributions in Research

Galkin's research at the Donetsk Physics and Technical Institute focused on various areas, including solid-state physics, condensed matter physics, radio spectroscopy, superconductivity, and high-pressure physics. In 1970, he discovered thermodynamically stable domain structures in antiferromagnetic materials. In 1971, he uncovered the effect of irreversible induction of new ferromagnetic states by strong magnetic fields.

Galkin and his colleagues V. G. Baryakhtar, S. N. Kovner, and E. P. Stefanovsky received the State Prize of the Ukrainian SSR in 1971 for their work on the discovery and experimental and theoretical study of intermediate states in antiferromagnets. He developed the method of non-stationary hydroextrusion in 1972.

In 1975, Galkin and E. A. Zavadsky received the K. D. Sinelnikov Prize for their work on inducing new states of matter with strong magnetic fields. He discovered the Doppler-phonon resonance in cadmium and molybdenum in 1977. In 1982, Galkin, along with V. P. Buryak and N. I. Matrosov, received the State Prize of the Ukrainian SSR for their work on the development and research of superconductors with high practical parameters.

Legacy

Galkin's initiative led to the collaboration between leading scientists of the Donetsk Physics and Technical Institute and the Physics Faculty of Donetsk State University, where they trained new researchers for the institute. Galkin himself was a professor at Donetsk State University. He passed away on October 22, 1982.

In 1994, the Donetsk Physics and Technical Institute was renamed after Alexander Alexandrovich Galkin. A memorial plaque was installed on the institute's building, and a monument was erected in his honor.