Ivan Kolev Bulgarian military leader, lieutenant general Date of Birth: 15.09.1863 Country: Bulgaria

1. Ivan Kolev: Lieutenant General of the Bulgarian Army
2. Early Life and Military Education
3. Military Career
4. Commanding the Cavalry
5. First World War
6. Iron Cross Recipient and Military Prowess
7. Later Life and Legacy

Ivan Kolev: Lieutenant General of the Bulgarian Army

Ivan Kolev, a renowned Bulgarian lieutenant general, left an indelible mark on the military history of the nation.

Early Life and Military Education

Kolev's journey began in Bolgrad, where he graduated from the local gymnasium. His passion for military service led him to serve as an assistant secretary and later as a secretary at the Sofia District Court. In 1884, he joined the Student Legion, fighting in the Serbo-Bulgarian War. After completing military school in Sofia (1887), Kolev pursued further education at the Military Academy in Turin, Italy (1894).

Military Career

Kolev's military career commenced in 1887 with the 3rd Cavalry Regiment. He subsequently held various positions, including senior adjutant of the 1st Infantry Division and officer for special assignments at the Cavalry Division. From 1907 to 1908, he trained with the Austro-Hungarian army, enhancing his military expertise.

Commanding the Cavalry

In 1908, Kolev assumed command of the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment. At the onset of the First Balkan War in 1912, he became chief of staff of the fortified point of Yambol. Later, he served as an officer for assignments and as chief of staff of the 3rd Army and the 5th Army.

First World War

In 1915, Kolev was promoted to major general. During the First World War, he commanded the 1st Cavalry Division, leading its successful participation in the 3rd Army's offensive in Dobrudja. The division fought against Russian, Serbian, and Romanian forces.

Iron Cross Recipient and Military Prowess

Kolev's bravery and leadership earned him the prestigious Iron Cross "For Bravery." He was known as a skillful cavalry commander, prioritizing his subordinates' well-being. He shared the hardships of war with his men, participating in combat on his black stallion, Pirin.

Later Life and Legacy

In 1917, Kolev fell ill and sought treatment in Vienna, where he passed away. Just before his death, he was promoted to lieutenant general. His remains were brought to Sofia for burial.

Kolev is regarded as the "Father of Bulgarian Cavalry." Two Bulgarian villages are named after him, and a memorial plaque honors him in Dobrich. His military achievements inspired Ivan Vazov to write the poem "Dobrudzhan Cavalry." A monument to his memory is planned, led by the Director of the Institute of History at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.