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Christer SommeSwedish military leader of Belgian origin
Date of Birth: 01.01.1580
Country:  Sweden |
Content:
- Early Life and Military Experience
- Contribution to Russian Military Tactics
- Siege of Kalmar
- Later Years and Death
Early Life and Military Experience
Johan Somm was born to Abraham Germundsson Somm and Märta Sjöblad. In 1600, he joined Duke Karl's forces in Livonia, where he distinguished himself in the capture and defense of Kokenhausen in 1601. Despite being captured that same year, he was quickly released and continued to serve in the Baltic War. In 1602, King Karl IX appointed him the commandant of Narva.
Contribution to Russian Military Tactics
In 1608, Somm was promoted to colonel. In 1609, he participated in Jacob De la Gardie's expedition to Russia, providing assistance to Russian forces. During this campaign, Somm played a pivotal role in training Russian recruits using Dutch military manuals. Under his leadership, the first Russian pikeman regiments were formed and achieved victories over the Polish at Tver and Kalyazin.
Siege of Kalmar
When the Kalmar War erupted in 1611, Somm became the commandant of Kalmar Fortress. However, he voluntarily surrendered the castle to the besieging Danish forces. During the negotiations, Somm concealed his intentions, assuring his garrison of his loyalty to the king. After making preparations, he announced his surrender due to a lack of ammunition. Kalmar Castle fell to the Danes on August 3, 1611.
Later Years and Death
Following the siege, Somm entered Danish service and received an estate in Holstein. He later wrote a letter to the Swedish king, blaming him for his actions and expressing his resentment towards his treatment. The exact date of his death remains unknown.
